常见柴胡中药材品种之分子鉴定

　　本研究以一般市售的柴胡药材，如北柴胡、南柴胡、银柴胡等，台湾种植的高氏柴胡及三岛柴胡根部之干品及鲜品及其伪品大叶柴胡为材料，进行逢机扩增复制多型性DNA片段(random amplified polymorphic DNA, RAPD)的反应，以期建立中药材分子指纹分析的图谱，作为市售中药材基源鉴定之用。实验中以六十条引子，每条包含十个任意序列之核甘酸，对分布于台湾北、中、南部之三十家中药店的市售柴胡，分别进行RAPD分析。筛选适当的引子，所得到的电泳图谱，将作为今后中药材基源鉴定比对的依据，同时可提供为中药品质管制的参考。
　　本研究自六十条引子中筛得三条较为适合的引子，这些引子分别为D1、D16及G18；它们分别在各柴胡品种间显现多型性，并以此引子对市售三十家中药店的柴胡药材，进行RAPD分析，结果利用一些遗传标志，大致可将这些药材分为三型。此外，药材的鲜品及干品，不同组织部位对RAPD分析的结果，差异不大，此结果将减少该技术分析结果的不稳定性。
关键词：柴胡，基源，逢机扩增复制多型性去氧核醣核酸
Code Number:CCMP87-RD-028
Title:Molecular Identification of Common Buplerum Species Medicines
Orgazination:Taipei Medical College
　　In the study, we identified the Chinese drug materials of the species of Bupleurum, for instance, Bupleurum chinense DC., B. scorzoneraefolium Willd., and B. marginatum Wall. ex DC., etc., which sell in the markets, B. falcatum L., and their adulterant, B. lnogiradiatum Turcz., and B. kaoi L.,C.& C., which plant in the field in Taiwan, with RAPD analysis. In the experiments, sixty 10mer arbitrary primers were used to screen the above samples, and to the crude drugs which sold by thirty randomly selected stores in Taiwan, for obtaining available primers which clearly differentiate among them. The aims of the present study are to construct the identification model of molecular biotechniques applying on Chinese drugs.
　　Total DNA isolated from the samples were used as templates in RAPD analysis using thirty random decamer primers, respectively. Three of the primers, OPD-01, OPD-16, and OPG-18, revealed reproducibly distinct RAPD profiles. We found there were three RAPD fingerprinting patterns of OPD-01 and OPD-16, respectively, from thirty stored Bupleurum samples. In addition, the results of RAPD were not different between the dried and fresh samples, not among the leaf, stem and root of single individual.
Keywords: Bupleurum, identification, RAPD